Q.13 The word 'echolocation' was first used by someone working as a…
在这道题目中，如果我们根据前面的介词词组someone working as“作为...在工作的人”能进一步进行词义的预测，可以判定答-案一定是一个表示人称的词汇。之后我们根据定位词echolocation来定位答-案句：The American zoologist Donald Griffin， who was largely responsible for the discovery of sonar in bats， coined the term 'echolocation' to cover both sonar and radar， whether used by animals or by human instruments.
Q.1 Examples of wildlife other than bats which do not rely on vision to navigate by.
通过分析不难发现该句的考点在于wildlife（野生动物）和do not rely on vision（不依赖于视觉），所以原文答-案句对应的内容很有可能要提到多种动物名称，且需要提到这些动物不依赖于视觉。
如果我们带着这样的预测去扫读原文的话，会发现B段出现有：Deep-sea fish and whales have little or no light by day or by night. Fish and dolphins that live in extremely muddy water cannot see because， although there is light， it is obstructed and scattered by the dirt in the water；
C段：The first one that might occur to him is to manufacture light， to use a lantern or a search light. Fireflies and some fish (usually with the help of bacteria) have the power to manufacture their own light， but the process seems to consume a large amount of energy.
在这两段中毫无疑问都出现了多种动物名称，所以答-案段可以锁定到这两段，但是加上限定性的内容，不依赖于视觉，根据B段存在的have little or no light等判定，符合答-案的就只有B段了。
所以在扫读原文时，当我们遇到D段：After this technique had been invented， it was only a matter of time before weapons designers adapted it for the detection of submarines. Both sides in the Second World War relied heavily on these devices， under such codenames as Asdic (British) and Sonar (American)， as well as Radar (American) or RDF (British)， which uses radio echoes rather than
sound echoes，看到weapons（武-器），submarine（潜水艇）和Second World War，答-案基本也就确定了。
发表于 2018-12-12 11:21:25
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